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Alexander Raven Thomson
Alexander Raven Thomson (1899–1955) (usually known as Raven) was a Scottish politician best known for his membership of the British Union of Fascists and was considered to be the party's chief ideologue. He has been described as the "Alfred Rosenberg of British fascism".〔R. Benewick, ''Political Violence and Public Order'', London: Allan Lane, 1969, p. 117〕
==Early life==
Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, he came from a leading family and was the grandson of the architect Alexander Thomson.〔Gavin Bowd, ''Fascist Scotland: Caledonia and the Far Right'', Birlinn, 2013 p. 38〕 Thomson was educated in universities in his homeland, the United States and briefly Heidelberg University in Germany, studying sciences and philosophy.〔Benewick, ''Political Violence and Public Order'', p. 117〕 In 1926 he became a partner in an engineering firm in London.〔 Whilst studying in Germany Thomson had met and married Lisbeth, the daughter of x-ray pioneer Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.〔S. Dorril, ''Blackshirt – Sir Oswald Mosley and British Fascism'', London: Penguin, 2007, p. 252〕 They would go on to have three children together, with Lisbeth already having a daughter Helga from a previous relationship, whilst Thomson also had a long-term mistress, Olive Burdett.〔Bowd, ''Fascist Scotland'', pp. 210–211〕 Upon his return to Britain he made his money from the manufacture of silver paper, a process he learned in Germany.〔Dorril, ''Blackshirt'', p. 252〕
Thomson became a leading authority on the works of Oswald Spengler and in 1932 published the book ''Civilization as Divine Superman'', which rejected Spengler's theories about the decline of civilisation, arguing that it could be avoided by the rejection of capitalism and its replacement with collectivism.〔 Thomson's political career began with him joining the Communist Party of Great Britain, although his membership did not last long as he rejected notions of historical materialism and saw himself move more towards corporatism.〔 His 1932 book ''Civilization as Divine Superman: A Superorganic Philosophy of History'' marked his drift towards a fascistic outlook.〔Bowd, ''Fascist Scotland'', p. 39〕
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